The Financial Crime Enforcement Network (FCEN) is warning businesses and professionals to be on high alert for a dangerous trend in cybercrime: hackers are increasingly using fake PDF files and image downloads to launch Business Email Compromise (BEC) attacks.

This deceptive tactic is part of a growing wave of sophisticated cyber fraud aimed at hijacking corporate email accounts — often leading to unauthorized fund transfers, data breaches, and financial losses in the millions.

How the Scam Works

Cybercriminals create fake PDF files, images, or documents that appear harmless or professionally legitimate — invoices, resumes, contracts, or delivery notes. These files are typically sent via email, often mimicking a trusted colleague, vendor, or client.

When opened, the attachment either:

• Prompts users to enter their email login credentials (via a fake “preview” link),

• Silently installs malware that logs keystrokes or opens backdoors into the victim’s device.

Once access is gained, hackers monitor communications silently — then strategically strike by:

• Sending fake payment requests to internal finance teams,

• Changing bank account details on real invoices,

• Or impersonating executives in urgent money transfer requests.

This is the essence of a Business Email Compromise (BEC) attack — and it’s costing businesses worldwide billions each year.

Signs of a BEC Attack via Fake Files

• Unexpected attachments from known or unknown senders.

• “File preview” links that ask for Microsoft 365, Gmail, or corporate email credentials.

• Subtle changes in email addresses or sender names (e.g., john.doe@yourcompanny.com).

• Messages with urgency or secrecy: “Please process this today,” “Do not share,” etc.

• Emails arriving outside business hours to bypass verification.

Why BEC Is So Dangerous

Unlike traditional hacks, BEC scams rely more on deception than brute force. They don’t need to break into your systems — they just need you to trust the wrong file or link. Once inside, the attackers gain control over sensitive conversations, payment processes, and client data.

How to Protect Yourself and Your Business

FCEN urges all businesses, especially finance teams and executives, to adopt the following safety measures:

• Never enter credentials through a link in an email.

• Use multi-factor authentication (MFA) on all email accounts.

• Hover over links before clicking — ensure the URL matches the sender.

• Train staff regularly on phishing and BEC scams.

• Verify payments and bank changes through a second channel (phone, in-person, etc.).

• Use secured file sharing platforms instead of email attachments for sensitive documents.

Report Suspicious Activity Immediately

If you or your company has been targeted or compromised:

1. Stop all communication with the suspected email.

2. Notify your IT or cybersecurity team immediately.

3. Visit efincengovs.com and click on the “File a Complaint” button.

4. Provide all relevant details — email headers, files, screenshots, and any financial impact.

The Financial Crime Enforcement Network (FCEN) works with cybersecurity experts and law enforcement globally to investigate BEC scams and help victims recover their losses when possible.

Don’t Wait — Stay Ahead of the Scam

As BEC attacks evolve, awareness and fast action are your best defense. Protect your inbox. Verify everything. And report anything suspicious.

For more information or to file a report, visit efincengovs.com today.